Tonga is a Polynesian country, and also an archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited. The archipelago's total surface area is about 750 sq ki (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 sq ki (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean. As of 2021, Tonga had a population of 104,494, 70% of whom resided on the main island, Tongatapu.

The Royal Palace, also known as the Pangai Si'i, is the official residence of the King of Tonga. It is located in the capital city of Nuku'alofa on the island of Tongatapu, which is the main island of the Tonga archipelago. The palace was originally built in 1867 by the country's third monarch, King George Tupou I, and has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years.