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Karnak El-Karnak, Luxor, Luxor Governorate, Egypt ☎ +20 2 22617304 Last Updated: 08/24/2023 |
| Karnak is a vast ancient temple complex located near Luxor in the Luxor Governorate of Egypt. It is one of the most significant and well-preserved temple complexes in Egypt, and it played a central role in ancient Egyptian religious practices and architecture. | |
| - Location: Karnak is situated on the east bank of the Nile River, just north of the modern city of Luxor - ancient Thebes. It is part of the historical city of Thebes. - History: The construction of the Karnak complex spanned many centuries, beginning in the Middle Kingdom and continuing through the New Kingdom period -approximately 20th century BCE to 11th century BCE. - Layout: The complex consists of a series of temples, chapels, pylons - monumental gateways, obelisks, statues, and other structures. The temples are dedicated to the god Amun-Ra and other deities. - Main Features: - - Great Hypostyle Hall: One of the most impressive features of Karnak is the Great Hypostyle Hall, a massive hall with a forest of towering columns. It covers an area of about 5,000 square meters (54,000 square feet) and contains 134 massive columns. - - Obelisks: Several obelisks are found within the complex, including the famous twin obelisks known as the Obelisks of Karnak. One of these obelisks still stands at the site, while the other was gifted to France and stands in the Place de la Concorde in Paris. - - Sacred Lake: Karnak also features a large sacred lake that was used for ritual purposes, including purification ceremonies. - Religious Significance: Karnak was dedicated primarily to the worship of Amun-Ra, the chief deity of ancient Egypt. It was a center of religious activity and pilgrimage, and it played a role in the annual Opet Festival, which celebrated the divine union of Amun-Ra and the reigning pharaoh. - Decorations and Inscriptions: The walls of the temples are adorned with intricate carvings, hieroglyphics, and scenes depicting religious rituals, battles, and other aspects of ancient Egyptian life. - Avenue of Sphinxes: The Avenue of Sphinxes once connected the Karnak complex with the Luxor Temple, lined with rows of sphinx statues. Some sections of this avenue have been reconstructed. - Conservation Efforts: Ongoing preservation and restoration efforts are conducted to protect the complex's structures, decorations, and archaeological features. - Tourism: Karnak is a major tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world who come to marvel at its architecture, history, and artistry. - UNESCO World Heritage Site: Karnak, along with the adjacent Luxor Temple and the Theban Necropolis, is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its cultural and historical significance. Karnak stands as a testament to the grandeur of ancient Egyptian temple architecture and the religious practices of the time. Its immense size and well-preserved structures make it a captivating destination for travelers and a valuable archaeological site for researchers. | |
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